Storage | Should always be stored in a freezer at at -40 °C or -80 °C. Upon adding water to proliposomes, liposomes are formed. |
Appearance | White lyophilized powder. Liposomes are formed upon adding water to the freeze dried proliposomes and the appearance of the formulation will be white translucent liquid. |
Description | The fundamental structure of cell membranes is bilayers composed of phospholipids, and the vital function of the phospholipids in the membrane is to help keep it fluid and semi-permeable. Conventional glycerophospholipids have acyl chains attached to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone via an ester bond. Ether lipids are a unique class of glycerophospholipids that have an alkyl chain attached to the sn-1 position by an ether bond (glycerol-ether lipids). In ether lipids, the alcohol group attached to the phosphate is generally choline or ethanolamine. Ether-linked phospholipids such as 1-alkyl-2-acyl-phosphatidylcholine and dialkylphosphatidylcholine are also found in the plasma and organelle membranes of mammalian species. Ether lipids form approximately 20% of the total phospholipid in mammals with different tissue distribution; brain, heart, spleen and white blood cells have the highest levels, while liver have a very little amount of ether lipids. Studies on the formation and thermodynamic properties of ether-linked phospholipid bilayer membranes have indicated that in contrast to ester-linked phospholipid, the formation of the non-bilayer structure takes place spontaneously. This is attributed to the weaker interaction between polar headgroups in the ether-linked than that in the ester-linked phospholipids. It has also shown that the phase behavior of the ether-linked phospholipid bilayer membranes in ambient pressure is almost equivalent to that of the ester-linked phospholipid bilayer membranes under high temperatures and pressures, and the difference in the phase behavior decrease as the alkyl-chain length increases. Due to distinctive properties of ether lipids, liposomes made from ether lipids exhibit very unique characteristics and performance: a) the ether bonds are more stable than ester linkages over a wide range of acidic or alkaline pH; b) stability properties of the liposomes is enhanced by bipolar lipids, and the saturated alkyl chains gives stability towards degradation in oxidative conditions; c) the unusual stereochemistry of the glycerol backbone enhance the resistance against the attacks by other organism phospholipases. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) cannot hydrolyze the ether lipid liposomes. Diether lipids do not go through hydrolysis due to having an ether bond instead of an acyl bond and therefore to due that they are a suitable candidates for experiments that needs to be performed at a higher temperature for an extended period of time. |
Lipid composition | 12/0 Diether PC/Cholesterol (70/30 molar ratio) |
Liposome Size | 100 nm (after hydration) |
Buffer | Lyophilized Phosphate Buffered Saline, 7.4 (after hydration) |
Shelf-life | 6 months. |
Technical Notes | Liposomes are formed upon hydration of the lyophilized formulation. If the lyophilized liposomes are hydrated with solution containing a water soluble drug then a large percentage of the drug will stay outside of the liposomes and in non-encapsulated form. It is advised to use a micro dialysis cassette or a spin column using the right side beads (depending on the size of your drug) and separate the drug encapsulated liposomes from free drug and perform the drug assay in order to calculate the encapsulation efficiency. Lyophilized liposomes are mainly recommended to be used with drugs that have a short life in aqueous solution mainly due to hydrolysis. After adding the solution of the drug to lyophilized liposomes, the liposomes should be used immediately. Lyophilized Liposomes products should be used by scientists who understand liposome formulation and have the proper equipment in order to check the size, separate the non-encapsulated drug and do the proper assays. Trehalose is used as a lyoprotectant in all freeze dried liposome formulation. The size distribution after hydration of the freeze dried formulation will be around 100 nm. |
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×Product Name | Catalog | Lipid composition | Liposome Size | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDTSLNP24-004-L | DOPC/CHOL (55:45 mol/mol) | 100 nm (90-120 nm) | INQUIRY |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDECPC-1593 | 100% Brain PC | 100 nm | $2100 |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDELHP-1284 | 100% Hydrogenated Egg PC | 100 nm (after hydration) | $2100 |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDECHP-1561 | 100% 20/0 PC | 100 nm | $2100 |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDL6001F3-P | DOPC/Cholesterol (55/45 molar ratio) | 280 nm (250-320 nm) | $2200 |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDELHP-1232 | 18/0 PC (DSPC)/Cholesterol (70/30 molar ratio) | 100 nm (after hydration) | $2100 |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDELPC-1274 | Heart PC/Cholesterol (70/30 molar ratio) | 100 nm (after hydration) | $2100 |
Clipos™ Diether Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Liposomes, Lyophilized | CDELPSG-1242 | DOPC/Cholesterol/DOPS/PEG2000-DOPE (60/30/5/5 molar ratio) | 100 nm (after hydration) | $2100 |
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