Functional Group | Folate |
Storage | Should always be stored at in the dark at 4 °C, except when brought to room temperature for brief periods prior to animal dosing. DO NOT FREEZE. If the suspension is frozen, the encapsulated drug can be released from the liposomes thus limiting its effectiveness. In addition, the size of the liposomes will also change upon freezing and thawing. |
Appearance | White translucent liquid made of nano size unilamellar liposomes. Usually due to the small size of liposomes no settling will occur in the bottom of the vial. The liposomes are packaged in an amber vial. |
Description | Folate binding protein (FBP) is an endogenous protein, which shows a very high affinity for folate. An antibody can be tagged by FBP and an immunoliposome can be formed by non-covalent and high affinity interaction between FBP and folate lipid on the surface of the liposomes. In this method, the antibody, which has been already covalently linked to FBP through a thioether linkage, is conjugated with folate-derivative liposomes. Having a relatively low molecular weight (MW ~40 kDa) and a single binding site prevents liposomes from crosslinking. |
Lipid composition | HSPC/Cholesterol/DSPE-PEG(2000)/DSPE-PEG(2000)-Folate (57/38/4.5/0.5 molar ratio) |
Liposome Size | 100 nm |
Lipid Molar Concentration | 21.55 mM |
Buffer | Phosphate Buffered Saline, pH 7.4 |
Shelf-life | 4 months. |
Technical Notes | Please keep in mind that the main using for liposomes containing folate on surface is for targeting folate receptors on the cells. Making immunoliposomes using antibodies/proteins or ligands tagged with FBP is a very niche application. The immunoliposomes may disassemble following internalization by endocytosis upon exposure to the low pH environment of the endosomal compartment, due to reduced affinity between folate and FBP under low pH. This internalization-triggered uncoupling may be beneficial to delivery of liposomal drug at the cellular level by allowing the sorting of the internalized liposomes to the appropriate subcellular compartment and/or facilitating intracellular release of drug molecules from the liposomes. Size exclusion spin columns such as Sepharose? CL-4B can be used instead of Float-A-Lyzer? dialysis cassette. However a very large amount of liposomes will stick to the column during the cleanup process and therefore we strongly suggest using dialysis than size exclusive beads. If you are using a ligand or peptide that is hydrophobic then it is recommended to solubilize it in DMSO or DMF and then add the buffer to it. It is recommended not to use more than 5% volume of DMSO or DMF in the solution. DMF and DMSO are both compatible with liposomes and they are also miscible in water. Other organic solvent such as ethanol and chloroform are not compatible with liposomes and will cause the liposomes to lyse. If you end up using DMSO or DMF then after the conjugation reaction is done, you need to remove DMSO and DMF from the liposomes. In order to do that you need to use a dialysis cassette that is made from REGENERATED CELLULOSE MEMBRANE. NOTE: Not all membranes are compatible with DMF and DMSO. We recommend using a Slide-A-Lyzer? MINI Dialysis Device with MWCO of 2K made from regenerated cellulose membrane manufactured by ThermoFisher. After DMSO or DMF is removed, you can use Float-A-Lyzer? dialysis device for the final step of cleaning up the prep. |
Lipid Mass Concentration | 15.86 mg/mL |
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