Malignant tumors have become a major challenge in the field of global public health. How to continuously deepen the understanding of the occurrence and development of malignant tumors and continuously optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment model of tumors is an important issue that needs to be urgently addressed in oncology research. Both basic and clinical scientific research in oncology requires the selection of appropriate research models. However, the common tumor research models currently have many shortcomings. For example, tumor cell line models are difficult to reproduce the pathophysiological characteristics and internal heterogeneity of parental tumors in vitro, and animal models have problems such as low flux, long cycle, high…

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are conjugated products of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and cytotoxic small molecules. In tumor treatment, although monoclonal antibodies have good targeting properties, most of them target extracellular or cell surface antigens, have weak anti-tumor activity, have limited therapeutic effect on solid tumors, and are more likely to develop drug resistance; conventional anti-tumor chemotherapy Although drugs have high anti-tumor cell activity, they lack targeting and often accidentally damage normal cells in the body, causing serious side effects. Antibody-drug conjugates complement each other perfectly, combining the high specificity of antibodies with the high toxicity of cytotoxic drugs to tumors. They can specifically kill tumor cells without damaging normal tissue cells,…

Hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers that swells in water without dissolving. Because the polymer contains a large number of hydrophilic groups, the hydrogel can absorb and lock a large amount of water. After absorbing water, the hydrogel network can maintain its original shape without being destroyed. Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, etc. due to their simple preparation, strong tunability of mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and elasticity and softness that are very similar to most tissues and extracellular matrices of the human body. The field is developing rapidly. Depending on the source from which the hydrogel is prepared, hydrogels can be divided into…

Introduction to 3D Printing In the 1980s, American engineer Charles Hull developed rapid prototyping technology by combining points and surfaces and then using light reinforcement. After numerous failures, he finally invented stereolithography technology. Based on this technology, the world’s The first 3D printer came into being. By the end of the 1990s, researchers combined 3D printing technology with the field of medical care to create substitutes for human organs for adjuvant treatment, which created a new field – 3D bioprinting. 3D bioprinting is a novel technology that can create structures that can combine living cells or biomaterials and control cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration on this structure. At present, 3D…

Nano drug delivery system refers to the drug delivery system composed of natural or synthetic polymer materials with a particle size of 1-1000 nm. Nano-drug delivery carriers have the characteristics of biodegradability, low drug toxicity, slow-controlled release and targeted drug delivery, and are widely favored by researchers in the field of medicine. Metabolism, which can play a sustained release effect; enhance the stability of the loaded drug and improve its bioavailability in vivo; the particle size of the delivery system is smaller than the capillary channel, and can be passively targeted to tumor tissue through the high permeability and long retention (EPR) effect; After the carrier is specially modified, it…

Malignant tumors are a major global public health problem, the leading cause of death in developing countries and the second leading cause of death in developed countries. Traditional treatment methods such as surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have serious side effects on the body. Tumor immunotherapies such as small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies act on the body’s immune system to remove tumor cells and reduce the immunosuppressive signals caused by tumor cells, and achieve good clinical results. However, tumor cells are prone to gene mutations to escape immune surveillance, and small molecule inhibitors are prone to drug resistance and off-target effects. Monoclonal antibodies have large molecular weights, are difficult…