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Injection Nano Drug Delivery System 1
Injection administration is to inject drugs into the body through injection to achieve the purpose of preventing and treating diseases. There are three ways of injection administration: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC). Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Different injection methods should be selected according to the specific situation. Liposomes Liposomes are vesicles sealed by a bilayer of phospholipids, similar to the cell structure, with an internal aqueous phase that can encapsulate water-soluble drugs. The inside of the lipid bilayer is fat-soluble and can encapsulate fat-soluble drugs, but the capacity is limited. According to the particle size, liposomes can be divided into small unilamellar vesicles (SUV, 30~100nm),…
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Cardiovascular Drug Liposome
Cardiovascular disease, also known as circulatory system disease, is a disease with high human mortality. Approximately 17 million people die from cardiovascular disease worldwide each year. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases mostly occur after the age of 40. There are more men than women, and more mental workers than manual workers. The average prevalence is about 6.49%, and the prevalence increases with age. Affected by the high-fat, fast-paced, and high-stress lifestyle, the prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is increasing year by year, and the age of illness tends to be younger. Cardiovascular disease has become a major global medical problem. According to the mechanism of action, drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases can be divided…
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Biotechnology Drug Liposome
In recent years, the development of biotechnology drugs has been advancing by leaps and bounds. Many biotechnology products have been widely used in clinics, and their application value has attracted more and more attention. A survey conducted in the United States from August 1993 to March 1995 showed that the number of biotech drugs listed as clinical trials increased by 64% in less than two years. Cancer is the disease with the most applications of biotechnology products. Other diseases involved include AIDS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, asthma, diabetes, heart disease, Lyme disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, and viral infections , Wound healing, inhibit organ transplant rejection. The types of biotechnology products include cytokines, monoclonal antibodies,…
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Quality Control Of Liposomes 2
As a promising drug carrier, liposomes require strict quality control for clinical use. In the previous article, we have introduced the requirements and methods of liposome morphology and particle size control. This article will introduce other parameters involved in liposomes as drug carriers，including: encapsulation rate, oxidation index, lysophospholipid, drug content, leakage rate, osmotic pressure and sterilization conditions. Encapsulation Efficiency Encapsulation efficiency is an important indicator to measure the quality of liposomes. It refers to the ratio of the encapsulated drug to the total amount of drug in the liposome suspension. The key to determining the encapsulation efficiency is to separate the unencapsulated free drug from the liposome suspension without destroying the…
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What Is The Antiviral Drug Liposome?
Viruses are the smallest kind of pathogenic microorganisms. They reproduce in cells. The core is ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and the outer shell is protein, which does not have a cell structure. The virus parasitizes in the host cell and relies on the host cell metabolic system for proliferation and replication. Statistics show that about 60% of epidemics are caused by viral infections. The research and development of antiviral drugs has naturally become a hot spot for investment in the pharmaceutical industry. Until now, there is still a lack of specific drugs for the treatment of viral diseases. The clinically commonly used drugs mainly include the following…
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Quality Control Of Liposomes 1
As a drug carrier, liposome not only improves the in vivo behavior of the drug, improves the therapeutic index of the drug, reduces the toxicity of the drug, and reduces the adverse reactions of the drug, and has a certain slow-release and controlled-release effect, reduces the dose or frequency of drug administration, and improves patient compliance . According to the characteristics of liposome formulations, the stability of liposomes has always been a concern of researchers. Liposomes are easy to aggregate, drugs are easy to leak (decrease in encapsulation rate) and oxidative deterioration will directly affect the safety and effectiveness of liposome drugs, so the quality of liposome drugs should be studied and…
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Liposome Preparation Method 2
Liposomes have attracted researchers’ attention because of their unique properties. Its successful application as a drug delivery carrier makes it a key research object in the field of drug delivery. There are already many methods for the preparation of liposomes, the above has introduced thin film method, reverse evaporation method, re-emulsion method and centrifugation method. Immediately above, this article focuses on the injection method, calcium fusion method, ammonium sulfate gradient method, and high-pressure homogenization. Injection Method Dissolve lipids in water-miscible or immiscible organic solvents, inject into the aqueous phase with a micro syringe at an appropriate rate, and remove organic solvents by ultrafiltration, dialysis, reverse osmosis, reduced-pressure evaporation, etc. as needed.…
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Liposomes as Carriers of Antitumor Drug
In recent years, the incidence of tumors has become higher and the tumor patients seem to be younger, which has seriously affected people’s health and quality of life. According to statistics, the number of newly diagnosed cancer patients in the world in 2007 has reached 12 million, and as many as 7 million people die from cancer worldwide each year. The current effective method is chemotherapy. Compared with normal tissues, tumor tissue has increased vascular endothelial cell space, thin blood vessel walls, and increased vascular permeability, and it also lacks of lymphatic vessels in tumor tissue, which reduces the discharge of metabolites. Normal tissues have small capillary endothelial membrane pores.…
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In Vivo Characteristics of Antitumor Drug Liposomes
Anti-tumor drug liposomes need to be studied in vivo during the development process, which includes examination of liposome pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and in vivo safety. Pharmacokinetics Liposomes have a greater influence on the pharmacokinetic parameters of drug-loaded drugs, which are characterized by increased AUC(area under the curve, it shows drug’s bioavailabilit), extended half-life period, decreased clearance, decreased volume of distribution, and changes in tissue distribution. The pharmacological changes can be explained and proven from the anatomical characteristics of tumor sites, structural characteristics of liposomes, non-clinical studies and clinical studies. The targeting of liposomes is divided into passive targeting, physicochemical targeting and active targeting. These targeting effects make the pharmacokinetic behavior of liposome…
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The Basic Composition of Liposomes-Cholesterol, Antioxidants and Surfactants
In addition to phospholipids, the basic composition of liposomes includes cholesterol, antioxidants and surfactants. Cholesterol Cholesterol (Chol) is a commonly used lipid for preparing liposomes, which can increase the rigidity of the lipid membrane and the stability of the liposome. Cholesterol is an amphiphilic molecule with a hydroxyl polar head, and the hydrophobic part is composed of four rigid steric rings in a planar configuration connected by a flexible short hydrocarbon chain. The structure of soy sterol is similar to that of cholesterol, and it can also be used for the construction of liposomes, and its membrane stability function is also similar to that of cholesterol. The liposome bilayer is…
