Cell targeting ligands modification

Targeting specific immune cell populations is crucial in the development of vaccine delivery systems. Incorporating appropriate adjuvants can significantly enhance the efficacy of modified cell-targeting ligands, leading to more robust and specific targeting of germinal center (GC) B cells, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), and dendritic cells (DCs). This approach can improve the effectiveness of immunotherapies and vaccines. For example, nanoparticles can be modified with functionalized ligands to target specific cell populations. Furthermore, adjusting the size of nanoparticles is a strategy to target specific cell populations. Designing nanoparticles to remain at 50-100 nm in size will preferentially target FDCs and be retained in them, which is important for generating high-affinity and durable antibody responses.